Electrode for use in the manufacture of bleaching liquor.



PATBNTED OCT. 9, 190e.

y No. 832,983.

R. KOTHBR. ELBGTRODE POR USE IN THE MANUPAGTURE 0F BLEAGHING LIQUOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3, 1905.

Ivy/JN @y kmk .. electrolytic .apparatusto the bottom elec- UNITEDSTATES PATENT oEEroE.

RICHARD Koruna, or CUNEWALDE, GERMANY, AssIGNoR or oNEHALF ro CHARLESEDWARD WAITHMAN GA DDUM, or MoNTEoRD, cnEsH- nur, ENGLAND. 1 o

ELECTRODE FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BLEACHING LIQUOR.

'Specification of Letters Patent.l

Patented oet. e, 190e.

Application tiled NovemberA 3, 1905. Serial No. 285,670.

T0 all whom it may concern: I

. Be it known that I, RICHARD Ko'rHER, a subj ect of the King of Saxony,and a resident of Cunewalde, No. 178, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrodes for Use in theManufacture of Bleaching Liquor, of-

through which bipolar e ectrodes pass hori-r zontally.

The present invention provides a very efficient and simple constructionand arrangement oi' such apparatus, one electrode only being arranged ineach/non-conducting partition in such manner that each two .adjoiningelectrodes are arranged in step-like formation and project on eitherside from the nonconducting partitions,the electrodos in theelectrolytic apparatus thus forming a series of steps. Current issupplied on one side ofthe trode in such manner that an electrode actingas an anode is always situated under one 'projecting portion oi the nextelectrode yacting as a cathode.

The electrolyte is supplied in such manner that the level of the liquidis only slightly above the upper electrode acting as the cathode, forthe purpose of enabling the hydrogen generated to escape easily and oiminimizing its reducing action. The electrodes can be made of anydesired material-for instance, of platinum, carbon, or the like-in theJform of plates, bars, nets, Wires, or strips, the chief point beingthat the electrodes should bearranged above each otherin step-likeformae 'tion and that the bottom electrode in each step-like sectionshould act as an anode, and the electrode above it as a cathode.

Several constructions of the apparatus according to this invention areillustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, in whichyY Figure l shows an electrolytic apparatus in vertical longitudinalsection. Fig. '2 is a vertical cross-section thereof. Fig. 3 is a par#tial vertical longitudinal section of a'modified form. Fig. 4 is asimilar view. of another modified form, and Fig. 5 is a transversesection of lthe same.

As will be seenin Fig. l, the electrolytic apparatus a is divided` b anumber of nonconducting'partitions b b2 b3 b4, &c into separatecompartments c c c2 c3 c, &c. and the-electrodes d are mounted. in aWatertight manner crosswise oi' the non-conducting partitions b. Oneelectrodeis arran ed in each non-conductin partition, the e ectrode inthe partition being at a slightlyhigher level than the electrode in thepartition b, and so onso that the electrodes appear. in the form. oisteps. The current is supplied to the lowest left-hand electrode dacting as an anode, so that the half of the next electrode projectingfrom the partition b and situated over the said lowest electrode acts asa cathode. The current goes from the left-hand half of this electrode tothe right-hand half,which acts as an anode, while the port-ion of theneX't electrode above it acts as cathode. Electrolyte is supplied toeach separate compartment through holes e, Fig. 2, in one wally and isdischarged at the other side throu h holes f in the other Wall g', sothat the evel of the liquid is only slightlylabove the electrode actingas cathode In this way the advantage is obtained that the escape oihydrogen is facilitated and its reducing action minimized as inuch aspossible.

ln the constructions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the electrodes are made lofthin sheets of platinum, the halves acting as cathode being providedwith holes'h for the purpose of facilitating the escape of the hydrogengenerated, while the halves acting as anodes are nected with the carbon.

IOO

In the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 electrode-bars k, of anydesired materialfor instance, of carbon-arc arranged step- Wise, thematerial lacting as anode--for instance, platinum-if desired, with theinsertion of an insulating protective layer, being secured to one-halfof each electrode.` The supply of electro] te to each separatecompartment takes p ace through a hole Z, the discharge takinplacethrough a hole m in the opposite wail.

In Workin the constructions shown in Figs. 3, 4, an 5 operate in thesame manner as the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 Havin nowparticularly described and ascertainef the nature of my said invention,I declare that what I claim isy v1. Electrolytic apparatus for theinanufacture of bleaching liquor comprising co1npartments separated bynon-conducting partitions, a single electrode arranged horizontally'ineach non-conducting partition and projecting on either side thereof insuch manner that eachtwo adjoining half-electrode lie horizontally oneabove the other-forming a step-like arrangement ofthe electrodes, thelower electrode portionl in each compartment acting as an anode and theprojecting half of the next electrode situated above it acting as acathode.

2. Electrolytic apparatus for the manufacture of bleaching liquorcomprising a plurality of compartments at different heights andseparated by non-conducting partitions, an electrodel in onecompartment, an electrode in an adjacent compartment projecting into the:first-named compartment above the electrode therein, `the part of theelectrode so projecting being perforate and means for passing anelectrolyte through each compartment.

3. Electrolytic apparatus for the manufacture of bleaching liquorcomprising compartments separated by non-conducting partitions, a.single electrode arranged horizontally in each non-conducting partitionand projecting. on either side thereof insuch inanner that each twoadjoining half-electrode lie horizontally one above the other forming astep-like arrangement of the electrodes, the upper proj ecting half ofan electrode in each compartment being perforated, the lower electrodeportion in each compartment acting as an anode and the projecting halfofthe next electrode situated above it acting as a y cathode.

In witness whereof I have hereuntoy set my

